Mastery of sprint technique

In the mastery of the sprint technique factors that are very supportive for tecapainya good mastery of technique. JL Peter Thomson (1993: 68) there are 5 (five) basic biomotor ability is freshness elements or components of fitness are strength, dayatahan, speed, flexibility, and coordination.


a. Strength.


Is the ability of agencies in using resources. Strength can be divided into three types or forms, namely:


1. maximum strength, which is the largest power or power generated by muscle contraction. Maximum Strength does not require just how fast a movement carried out or how long it can continue the movement


2.Elastic strength, that strength is required and a muscle to move quickly against a detainee. The combination of speed of contraction and speed of movement is sometimes referred to as "power = power". This power is very important for eksplosip events in running, jumping, and throwing.


3. Endurance strength, namely the muscles ability to continually use the power in the face of increasing fatigue. Strength endurance is a combination of strength and duration of movement.


b. Resistance.


Durability refers to the ability to do work that determined the intensity within a certain time. The main factor that limits and at the same time end the achievement is fatigue. An athlete is said to have dayatahan if not tire easily or be able to continue moving in a state of exhaustion. Durability, of all abilities biomotor must be developed first. Without dayatahan is difficult to hold a repetition of the type or the other kind of exercise enough to develop other biomotor components. There are two kinds of endurance type, that is; dayatahan dayatahan aerobic and anaerobic. Dayatahan namely aerobic muscle work and muscle movements are carried out using oxygen to release energy from muscle materials. Dayatahan aerobic must be developed before dayatahan anaerobic. While dayatahan namely anaerobic muscle work and muscle movement by using the energy already stored within the muscle. Anaerobic Dayatahan divided into two, namely anaerobic lactic and anaerobic alaktik.

c. speed.
Is the ability to barjalan or move very quickly. Sprint running speed of the original with respect to natural kemamapuan to achieve a very high acceleration run and to travel short distances within a very short.


d.
Flexibility. Namely the ability to perform the movement joints through a wide range of motion. Flexibility is limited or restrained is a common occurrence because of poor technique and low achievement. Ugly flexibility also hinder the speed and dayatahan because the muscles must work harder to overcome resistance towards kelangkah long.

e.Coordination. Namely the ability to perform movements with the appropriate level of difficulty and with full efficiency and accuracy. An athlete with good coordination skills are not only able to perform well, but also with a precise and can complete an exercise task.


In addition to physical factors described above, in the mastery of the sprint technique there are also other factors are no less important effect, namely psychological factors. As JL said Peter Thomson (1993: 134) psychology is as important for a trainer to help individuals (athletes) to develop how they think about their mental prowess, but also important to develop their physical dexterity. This clearly is a psychological aspect in training but it is also true that no part of the training / coaching that without the psychological aspect. As these psychological factors among which;

a.
 mental agility is very useful / important to the coaches and athletes. This mental agility is not only a means to avoid a disaster or recovering from injury but also the mental dexterity to play an important role in managing / organizing practice and exercise effectively so that everything goes well. Most athletes and coaches recognize that the physical development ssaja can not guarantee success in athletics. An athlete must have the right frame of mind. Psychological preparation is as important as conditioning exercises fissik. Setting up both of them together will create the best performance. This mental agility requires practical exercises in the same manner as in the physical skill / physical. With the skill / physical dexterity, some individuals will take / acquire mental agility more easily than others. With practice, everyone can improve their mental agility.

b.
Motivasi.Motivasi is a tendency to selectively market to behave in a certain direction, and this behavior will persist until the target behavior can be achieved. Basically motivassi is how great the desire of an individual to reach / achieve a goal. Every individual has the goals / targets that vary in their involvement in the world of athletics. The purpose / goal for example; seek excitement, memahirkan new skills, compete and win, new friends, and many more objectives / targets are always different from another in each individual. JL said to Peter Thomson (1993: 135) external pressure from coaches and parents are not likely to improve motivation in athletes in the long distance and may in fact be reduced. Own motivation and the filling is what makes a real success for the athletes, and not imposed by the ambitions of others. Coaches help athletes to understand what athletes want to achieve, goals, and how to achieve it.

c.
Emosi.Kontrol control emotion is a kemamapuan an athlete in control of feelings in the face of certain ituasi Uatu. According to Peter Thomson JL (1993, 136) kegelisaan means how much an individual is thrilled or prepared to deal with a particular situation. A sense of nervous always arise in any situation, even if the low level we can not notice it. Many feel this nervous ddigunakan incorrectly which means that only individual traits that show a very high level will kegelisaan. Kegelisaan Symptoms can appear in two forms, namely: Worry and physiological chemistry. Worry refers to thought or impression of what might happen in an event that will come, whereas physiological vibration is part of the preparation (natural) body for a race. Examples of physiological chemistry, including increased heart rate, out of sweat / perspiration and feeling wanted to relieve himself (big / small) to go back to the room small.

Mastery of sprint technique is very important to achieve maximal performance. According to Djoko P. Irianto (2002), techniques have a role in the race include: (1) As an efficient way to achieve performance, (2) Can prevent atu reduce the occurrence of injury, (3) as the capital to do tactics, (4) increase self-confidence. Sukadiyanto (2005) says, the technique right from the start than it will save energy for the motion so that they can work longer and work well also is also the basic foundation toward higher achievement. With the basic techniques that are not really going to accelerate the process of stagnation achievement, so that at certain times of achievement will be stagnation (fixed), but should have been able achieve higher performance.